Hierarchies of Distinctions as Generators of System Theories
نویسندگان
چکیده
This paper generates a variety of general-systems theoretic concepts and a range of systems theories using a minimal set of primitives. The notion of a distinction is taken as primitive and the natural hierarchy of distinctions becomes the primitive structure. A number of system theories are then analysed in terms of these primitives: Zadeh’s fuzzy sets theory; Klir’s epistemological hierarchy of system modeling; Popper’s 3 worlds theory of system types; Pask’s conversation theory of system interaction; and Checkland’s soft systems theory. A small number of types of distinction are shown to underly these theories and, taken in various combinations, to generate them.
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